Given an array nums of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in nums such that a + b + c = 0? Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.
Given array nums = [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4],
A solution set is:
[
[-1, 0, 1],
[-1, -1, 2]
]
// Time Limit Exceeded
<?php
/**
* Created by PhpStorm.
* User: zhanglingyu
* Date: 2019-04-12
* Time: 16:21
*/
class Solution
{
/**
* @param Integer[] $nums
* @return Integer[][]
*/
function threeSum($nums)
{
$res = [];
sort($nums);
// 分正负2部分
$numsZ = [];
$numsF = [];
foreach ($nums as $num) {
if ($num < 0) {
$numsF[] = $num;
} else {
$numsZ[] = $num;
}
}
// 处理负数
$lastValue = 0;
foreach ($numsF as $f) {
if ($lastValue == $f) {
continue;
}
$lastValue = $f;
$n = $this->getList($numsZ, 0-$f, 1);
if (!empty($n)) {
foreach ($n as $item) {
array_unshift($item, $f);
if (!in_array($item, $res, true)) {
$res[] = $item;
}
}
}
}
// 处理正数
$lastValue = -1;
foreach ($numsZ as $z) {
if ($lastValue == $z) {
continue;
}
$lastValue = $z;
$n = $this->getList($numsF, 0-$z, 2);
if (!empty($n)) {
foreach ($n as $item) {
array_push($item, $z);
if (!in_array($item, $res, true)) {
$res[] = $item;
}
}
}
}
if ( ($numsZ[0] == 0) && ($numsZ[2] == 0) ) {
$res[] = [0,0,0];
}
return $res;
}
function getList($nums, $value, $flag = 1 ) {
$rv = [];
if ($flag == 1) {
foreach ($nums as $key => $num) {
unset($nums[$key]);
if ($num <= $value) {
$tmp =$value - $num;
$rr = $this->my_in_array($tmp, $nums);
if ($rr !== false) {
unset($nums[$rr]);
$rv[] = [$num, $tmp];
}
}
}
} else if ($flag == 2) {
foreach ($nums as $key => $num) {
unset($nums[$key]);
if ($num >= $value) {
$tmp = $value - $num;
$rr = $this->my_in_array($tmp, $nums);
if ($rr !== false) {
unset($nums[$rr]);
$rv[] = [$num, $tmp];
}
}
}
}
return $rv;
}
/**
* 判断数组里是否存在该元素，存在返回key， 不存在返回false
* 注：数组为有序数据
*
*
* @param $needle
* @param array $haystack
* @return bool|int|string
*/
function my_in_array($needle, array $haystack) {
foreach ($haystack as $key => $value) {
if ($value > $needle) {
return false;
}
if ($value == $needle) {
return $key;
}
}
return false;
}
}
class Test extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
{
/** @test */
public function testSolution()
{
$solution = new Solution();
// $sums = [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4];
//
// $this->assertEquals($solution->threeSum($sums), [
// [-1, 0, 1],
// [-1, -1, 2]
// ]);
//
// $sums1 = [0, 0, 0];
//
// $this->assertEquals($solution->threeSum($sums1), [[0, 0, 0]]);
//
// $sums2 = [-4,-2,1,-5,-4,-4,4,-2,0,4,0,-2,3,1,-5,0];
//
// $this->assertEquals($solution->threeSum($sums2), [[-5,1,4],[-4,0,4],[-4,1,3],[-2,-2,4],[-2,1,1],[0,0,0]]);
$sums3 = 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dd($solution->threeSum($sums3));
}
}
//
// 838ms
func threeSum(nums []int) [][]int {
var ret [][]int
sort.Ints(nums)
for first := 0; first < len(nums) - 2; first++ {
firstNum := nums[first]
if first > 0 {
if firstNum == nums[first-1] {
continue
}
}
second := first+1
last := len(nums) - 1
for second <= last - 1 {
lastNum := nums[last]
secondNum := nums[second]
sum := firstNum + secondNum + lastNum
if sum > 0 {
for second <= last - 1 && nums[last] == lastNum {
last--
}
} else if sum < 0 {
for second <= last - 1 && nums[second] == secondNum {
second++
}
} else {
ret = append(ret, []int{firstNum, nums[second], nums[last]})
for second <= last - 1 && nums[second] == secondNum {
second++
}
}
}
}
return ret
}
//876ms
var results [][]int
if len(nums) < 3 {
return results
}
sort.Ints(nums)
for i := 0; i < len(nums)-2; i++ {
a := nums[i]
// a + b + c > 0 for a,b,c > 0
if a > 0 {
return results
}
// we do not want duplicate solutions
if i > 0 && a == nums[i-1] {
continue
}
for j, k := i+1, len(nums)-1; j < k; {
b, c := nums[j], nums[k]
// a + b + c < 0 for a,b,c < 0
if c < 0 {
break
}
sum := a + b + c
if sum == 0 {
results = append(results, []int{a, b, c})
}
if sum >= 0 {
for j < k && c == nums[k] && nums[k] >= 0 {
k--
}
}
if sum <= 0 && nums[k] >= 0 {
for j < k && b == nums[j] {
j++
}
}
}
}
return results
方法一一般是自己实现的方法，其他方式是在discuss中查找的更为优秀的方法，用作学习和借鉴。